{"id":834,"date":"2023-07-25T16:35:30","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T14:35:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/?page_id=834"},"modified":"2025-10-20T09:20:59","modified_gmt":"2025-10-20T07:20:59","slug":"planteamiento","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/planteamiento\/","title":{"rendered":"Planteamiento"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"834\" class=\"elementor elementor-834\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-af7bd84 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"af7bd84\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e9d200d\" data-id=\"e9d200d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38eabff elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38eabff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 26-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">VOLVER AL INSTINTO NATURAL DE APRENDER<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df1de95 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df1de95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 26-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c76fa67 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c76fa67\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-07090e0\" data-id=\"07090e0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2d238c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2d238c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Cuando nos preguntamos \u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00bfpara qu\u00e9 educamos?\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, solemos poner el foco en el rol del adulto como responsable de <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">transformar<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> y transmitir conocimientos. Sin embargo, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">ya en en el siglo XX, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">uno de los<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> fundadores<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">del movimiento humanista en psicolog\u00eda, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Carl Rogers (1902-1987), <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">desarroll\u00f3 <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">una<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> propuesta educativa<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> denominada<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>educaci\u00f3n centrada en la persona<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">basada<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> en la confianza de <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">la<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b> capacidad <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>innata <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>del ser humano para aprender y pensar por si mismo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">1<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Los estudios en neurociencia de la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada respaldan esta visi\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">2<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> Se ha <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">comprobado<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, por ejemplo que los ni\u00f1os y ni\u00f1as, incluso antes de empezar a hablar, ya usan formas b\u00e1sicas de razonamiento l\u00f3gico. Saben que si tienen dos opciones y una es falsa, la otra debe ser verdadera, aunque no sepan exactamente cu\u00e1l es cu\u00e1l. Esto lo hacen de manera natural, sin que nadie se lo ense\u00f1e. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Tambi\u00e9n se ha comprobado que, en esas primeras etapas, los peque\u00f1os ponen en pr\u00e1ctica estrategias similares al m\u00e9todo cient\u00edfico: prueban, observan y sacan conclusiones.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\">Si los ni\u00f1os y ni\u00f1as ya poseen una gran capacidad para aprender y pensar por s\u00ed mism<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\">o<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\">s, nuestra tarea cambia. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\">Ahora, los adultos tienen la responsabilidad de<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\"> no dejar que estas capacidades naturales se pierdan, sino apoyarlas y acompa\u00f1arlas para que sigan creciendo. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\">Entonces la pregunta p<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\">asar\u00eda a<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #001d35;\">: \u00ab<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00bfpara qu\u00e9 aprenden l<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">o<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">s ni\u00f1<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">o<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">s y<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> ni\u00f1as y<\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> c\u00f3mo podemos acompa\u00f1ar<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: medium;\">ese proceso?\u00bb.<\/span><\/p><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Nuestro cerebro ha hecho posible que podamos adaptarnos y sobrevivir gracias a la capacidad de observar, conocer, recordar y transformar nuestro entorno. En este sentido, aprender es un instinto humano fundamental: sobrevivimos porque aprendemos, y cada aprendizaje se convierte en una herramienta que nos ayuda a afrontar el presente y prepararnos para el futuro<sup>3<\/sup>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Pero aprender no solo es \u00fatil: tambi\u00e9n es <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">placentero por naturaleza<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. Como explica<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">los neurocient\u00edficos <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">M<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">arta Portero<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">y David <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Bueno <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">en su art\u00edculo<\/span><\/span><\/span> <em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">El placer de aprender<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, esta es una especie de \u00abtruco biol\u00f3gico\u00bb: nuestro cerebro asocia el aprendizaje con el disfrute, lo que nos impulsa a <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">explorar, experimentar y crea<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">r<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. De ah\u00ed surge el gusto por <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">jugar con una caja vac\u00eda, hacer arte o m\u00fasica<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, actividades en apariencia sencillas pero que esconden un poderoso motor de descubrimiento. Este placer es a\u00fan m\u00e1s intenso cuando el aprendizaje <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">brota de la <\/span><\/span><\/span><strong style=\"font-style: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>curiosidad<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> propia<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> del individuo, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">tal como argumentan los autores.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Cuando tenemos hambre de respuestas, la actividad de nuestro cerebro cambia de maneras que nos ayudan a retener nueva informaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">4<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Por un lado, la mente curiosa activa procesos y regiones cerebrales asociadas con la anticipaci\u00f3n de una recompensa<\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0Queremos aprender m\u00e1s porque las respuestas son satisfactorias<\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Adem\u00e1s, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">el hipocampo, un centro de memoria, aumenta su actividad, prepar\u00e1ndose para almacenar informaci\u00f3n. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Cuanto m\u00e1s deseamos conocer una respuesta, m\u00e1s memorable se vuelve<\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">5<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/em><em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">La <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">curiosidad<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> y el inter\u00e9s son, componentes reconocidos desde hace mucho tiempo de la <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>motivaci\u00f3n intr\u00ednseca<\/b><\/span><\/span><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>6<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">La motivaci\u00f3n intr\u00ednseca puede entenderse como un proceso clave y permanente en el desarrollo psicol\u00f3gico. Este proceso se apoya en la satisfacci\u00f3n de dos necesidades b\u00e1sicas: la <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>competencia<\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>,<\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> que impulsa a las personas a sentirse eficaces en sus interacciones, y la <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>autonom\u00eda<\/i><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, que les permite experimentar un sentido de elecci\u00f3n y autodirecci\u00f3n en sus acciones<\/span><\/span><sup style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">7<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. Diversos metaan\u00e1lisis y estudios de campo se\u00f1alan que la motivaci\u00f3n intr\u00ednseca constituye quiz\u00e1 la forma m\u00e1s relevante de motivaci\u00f3n en el rendimiento escolar<\/span><\/span><sup style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">8<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Por su parte, el psic\u00f3logo cl\u00ednico y profesor Jordan Bernt Peterson (1999), en su obra <\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Maps of Meaning: The Architecture of Belief<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, sostiene que la b\u00fasqueda comprometida y valiente de los propios intereses favorece el desarrollo de la personalidad, al exponer continuamente a las personas a nuevas ideas y desaf\u00edos. De este modo, se evita la rigidez ideol\u00f3gica y se promueven el aprendizaje, el crecimiento personal y la<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> construcci\u00f3n de un sentido vital. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Para <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Carl <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Rogers, la motivaci\u00f3n del ser humano proviene de la <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>tendencia actualizante\u00bb<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>,<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> es decir, la inclinaci\u00f3n natural <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">del individuo a su autoconservaci\u00f3n y su propio desarrollo. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">No obstante, dicha capacidad solo puede manifestarse si la persona se encuentra en un contexto positivo que le e brinde apoyo, comprensi\u00f3n y condiciones adecuadas; de lo contrario, esa capacidad no llega a desplegarse por completo<\/span><\/span><sup style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">9<\/span><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. Cuando el ni\u00f1o crece en un entorno que le permite aprender a valorarse, desarrollar una buena consideraci\u00f3n de s\u00ed mismo y reconocer el valor de los otros, a quienes percibe como significativos en su vida, logra generar una <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>\u00abvaloraci\u00f3n positiva incondicional\u00bb<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> tanto hacia s\u00ed mismo como hacia los dem\u00e1s. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Para que el <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">concepto de s\u00ed mismo<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> sea verdadero, debe apoyarse en experiencias reales y aut\u00e9nticas. Esto requiere la <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">libertad de experimentar<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> plenamente todo lo que sucede en la persona, tanto lo consciente como lo inconsciente<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">10<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> Aunque todos tenemos dentro una \u00abtendencia actualizante\u00bb, a veces surgen obst\u00e1culos que dificultan ese proceso<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">11<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. Uno de ellos es la \u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">valoraci\u00f3n condicional\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>,<\/strong> que ocurre cuando una persona no se valora a s\u00ed misma por lo que realmente siente o experimenta, sino en funci\u00f3n de c\u00f3mo la valoran los dem\u00e1s. Por ejemplo, un ni\u00f1o puede llegar a sentirse \u201cbueno\u201d o \u201cquerido\u201d \u00fanicamente cuando obedece lo que sus padres esperan, y no cuando sigue sus propios deseos o necesidades. Esto suele derivar en un \u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">conflicto\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, ya que el ni\u00f1o deja de guiarse por su propia experiencia interna y empieza a actuar solo para obtener la aprobaci\u00f3n de los otros. De esta manera, adopta valores que en realidad no le pertenecen (introyecci\u00f3n), lo que genera una \u201cescala de valores falsa\u201d. Como consecuencia, la persona comienza a vivir en desacuerdo consigo misma, experimentando un desajuste entre lo que realmente es y lo que cree que \u00abdeber\u00eda ser\u00bb para agradar a los dem\u00e1s. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">P<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">eter Gray, psic\u00f3logo evolutivo del Boston College, sostiene que l<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">s ni\u00f1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">s <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">y ni\u00f1as<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> aprenden mejor cuando <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">no<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> est\u00e1n sujet<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">s a las actividades e instituciones impuestas por los adultos. Siendo, la \u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">libertad\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> crucial para que los instintos de aprendizaje prosperen. Por el contrario, entornos estructurados a menudo suprimen estos instintos naturales, sofocando la curiosidad y el entusiasmo<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">12<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">En la misma l\u00ednea, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Carl Rogers <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">afirma<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">ba<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">13<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span> <em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u201c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">s<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">i el proceso de la educaci\u00f3n es formar ciudadanos adaptados a este mundo de cambios caleidosc\u00f3picos, solo podemos lograrlo si estimulamos a los mismos estudiantes para que inicien y planifiquen su propio aprendizaje\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">E<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">l<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i> aprendizaje centrado en <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><i>la persona<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, presenta las <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">siguientes <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">caracter\u00edsticas<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">14<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><ul><li><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">El estudiante dise\u00f1a su propio programa de aprendizaje en funci\u00f3n de sus intereses y asume las consecuencias de sus decisiones.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">El docente facilitador proporciona recursos para el aprendizaje y anima a los estudiantes a incorporar otros adicionales.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">El \u00e9nfasis de esta pr\u00e1ctica educativa est\u00e1 en favorecer el proceso de aprendizaje. Los contenidos ocupan un lugar secundario; lo primordial es aprender a aprender aquello que se desea conocer.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">La disciplina necesaria para alcanzar las metas es autoimpuesta.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">La evaluaci\u00f3n del grado y la relevancia del aprendizaje es realizada principalmente por el propio estudiante y puede enriquecerse con las observaciones de sus compa\u00f1eros y del docente facilitador.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">En este clima favorable, el aprendizaje tiende a ser m\u00e1s profundo, a lograrse con mayor rapidez y a tener una influencia m\u00e1s significativa en la vida y la conducta del estudiante. Esto se debe a que es el propio alumno quien elige la direcci\u00f3n de su aprendizaje, lo inicia y lo sostiene, involucrando en el proceso a la persona en su totalidad: sentimientos, pasiones e intelecto. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">El docente necesita asumir ciertas actitudes para generar en el aula un ambiente que favorezca el aprendizaje significativo<sup>15<\/sup>. Una de ellas es la <strong>autenticidad<\/strong>, que implica mostrarse tal como es, sin recurrir a m\u00e1scaras ni apariencias, reconociendo sus propias experiencias, vivi\u00e9ndolas plenamente y expres\u00e1ndolas con sinceridad cuando es adecuado. Otra actitud fundamental es la <strong>aceptaci\u00f3n<\/strong>, entendida como la capacidad de valorar al estudiante en su totalidad, respetando y apreciando sus sentimientos, opiniones y forma de ser. Finalmente, la <strong>comprensi\u00f3n emp\u00e1tica<\/strong> se manifiesta cuando el maestro logra ponerse en el lugar del alumno y entender desde dentro c\u00f3mo vive su proceso de aprendizaje; al percibir de manera sensible sus reacciones, el docente puede acompa\u00f1arlo y facilitar de manera m\u00e1s efectiva su desarrollo. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> La manera en que Rogers concibe el perfil del maestro guarda una gran semejanza con la visi\u00f3n de Paulo Freire<sup>16<\/sup>. En el <i>aprendizaje <\/i><i>centrado en la persona<\/i>, el docente busca liberar y acompa\u00f1ar. Tanto el maestro como los estudiantes se reconocen como investigadores cr\u00edticos que aprenden en un di\u00e1logo constante. Se trata de un educador humanista que ayuda a descubrir la realidad, fomenta la reflexi\u00f3n y facilita el cambio. No concibe futuros predeterminados, sino la posibilidad de transformar la realidad de manera cr\u00edtica. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Para concluir, como afirmaba Rogers, \u00ab<span style=\"color: #000000;\">las personas educadas son aquellas<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> que han aprendido como aprender, que han aprendido como adaptarse y cambiar\u00bb<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup>17<\/sup><\/span>. Este tipo de personalidad se distingue por su <b>autonom\u00eda, libertad y sentido de responsabilidad<\/b>, as\u00ed como por su capacidad de adaptaci\u00f3n al entorno y su orientaci\u00f3n constante hacia el desarrollo integral. De esta manera, se prepara a las nuevas generaciones para enfrentar los desaf\u00edos de un mundo en permanente transformaci\u00f3n y para contribuir, desde su bienestar f\u00edsico y mental, al progreso positivo de la sociedad. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e5ce11 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e5ce11\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ecf4f52\" data-id=\"ecf4f52\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262dd2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"262dd2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6 align=\"justify\">Bibliograf\u00eda:<\/h6>\n<h2 class=\"western\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">1<span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mingo,<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">A . (1989). <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">La propuesta educativa de Carl Rogers.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/revista?codigo=28398\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Emerging Trends in Education<\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ISSN-e<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&nbsp;2594-2840,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">N.\u00ba 1<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">. p<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">p<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">. 19<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/articulo?codigo=9492991\">https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/articulo?codigo=9492991<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">2. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Portero Tressera, M. &amp; Bueno Torrens i Torres, B. (2018). <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">El placer de aprender.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Aula de innovaci\u00f3n educativa N\u00fam. 275 <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">pp<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212529;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">. 18-22<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/articulo?codigo=6578200\">https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/articulo?codigo=6578200<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">3. <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">I<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">b\u00eddem.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">4. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Matthias J. Gruber, Bernard D. Gelman, Charan Ranganath. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">(2014).<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">States of Curiosity Modulate Hippocampus-Dependent Learning via the Dopaminergic Circuit<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">. Neuron.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0896627314008046\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0896627314008046<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">5.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #212121;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kang MJ, Hsu M, Krajbich IM, Loewenstein G, McClure SM, Wang JT, Camerer CF. The wick in the candle of learning: epistemic curiosity activates reward circuitry and enhances memory. Psychol Sci. 2009 Aug;20(8):963-73. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19619181\/\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><u>https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19619181\/<\/u><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">6<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ryan R. M., Deci E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic Psychological Needs in Motivation Development and Wellness. New York, NY: Guilford Press.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.erudit.org\/en\/journals\/rqpsy\/2017-v38-n3-rqpsy03258\/1041847ar\/\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">https:\/\/www.erudit.org\/en\/journals\/rqpsy\/2017-v38-n3-rqpsy03258\/1041847ar\/<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">7. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #5a5a5a;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Deci E. L., Ryan R. M. (1985).&nbsp;Intrinsic Motivation and Self-determination in Human Behavior.&nbsp;New York, NY: Plenum Press<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-1-4899-2271-7\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-1-4899-2271-7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">8.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #5a5a5a;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Froiland J. M., Worrell F. C. (2016). Intrinsic motivation, learning goals, engagement, and achievement in a diverse high school. Psychol. Sch. 53, 321\u2013336. 10.1002\/pits.21901<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pits.21901\">https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pits.21901<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">9. <\/span>Rogers, C. &amp; Kinget, G.M. (1971). Psicoterapia y relaciones humanas. Alfaguara, Madrid. Tomo 1, p\u00e1gs. 34-35, 189, 201.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">10. R<\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">ogers<\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">, C. <\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"> K<\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">inget<\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">, G.M. <\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">(1971).<\/span> <span style=\"color: #001d35;\">P<\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">sicoterapia y relaciones humanas<\/span><span style=\"color: #001d35;\">. Alfaguara, Madrid. Tomo 1, p\u00e1gs. 34-35, <\/span> p\u00e1g. 190.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">11. Marrero, G. (1985). An\u00e1lisis del pensamiento de Carl Rogers. 2. Perfil del maestro. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">pp. 155<\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><br><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/accedacris.ulpgc.es\/bitstream\/10553\/4935\/3\/0235347_00002_0011.pdf\">https:\/\/accedacris.ulpgc.es\/bitstream\/10553\/4935\/3\/0235347_00002_0011.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">12. Gray, P. (2013). Free to learn: Why unleashing the instinct to play will make our children happier, more self-reliant, and better students for life. Hachette UK.<br><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/113585473\/Free_to_learn_why_unleashing_the_instinct_to_play_will_make_our_children_happier_more_self_reliant_and_better_students_for_life\">https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/113585473\/Free_to_learn_why_unleashing_the_instinct_to_play_will_make_our_children_happier_more_self_reliant_and_better_students_for_life<\/a><\/span> <br><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">13. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Rogers, C. (1986). Libertard y creatividad en la educaci\u00f3n en la d\u00e9cada de los ochenta. Barcelona. Editorial Pa\u00eddos.<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">p. 144<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">14. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mingo,<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">A . (1989). <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">La propuesta educativa de Carl Rogers.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/revista?codigo=28398\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Emerging Trends in Education<\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">ISSN-e<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">&nbsp;2594-2840,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">N.\u00ba 1<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">. p<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">p<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">. 1<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/articulo?codigo=9492991\">https:\/\/dialnet.unirioja.es\/servlet\/articulo?codigo=9492991<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">15. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">I<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">b\u00eddem.<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">p<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">p. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">1<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">16. Freire, P. (1976). Pedagod\u00eda del oprimido-. Siglo XXI . Es un editores. Madrid. Caps. 11-111-IV., p\u00e1gs. 73-243 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #001d35;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">17. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Rogers, C. (1986). Libertard y creatividad en la educaci\u00f3n en la d\u00e9cada de los ochenta. Barcelona. Editorial Pa\u00eddos.<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: small;\">p<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">p. 144 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VOLVER AL INSTINTO NATURAL DE APRENDER Cuando nos preguntamos \u00ab\u00bfpara qu\u00e9 educamos?\u00bb, solemos poner el foco en el rol del adulto como responsable de transformar y transmitir conocimientos. Sin embargo, ya en en el siglo XX, uno de los fundadores del movimiento humanista en psicolog\u00eda, Carl Rogers (1902-1987), desarroll\u00f3 una propuesta educativa denominada educaci\u00f3n centrada &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/planteamiento\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Planteamiento<\/span> Leer m\u00e1s &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-834","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=834"}],"version-history":[{"count":161,"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2076,"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/834\/revisions\/2076"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/angelagomezponce.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}